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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβaltam | om saβalt |
| 2SG: | saβaltat | ot saβalt |
| 3SG: | saβalteš | ok/ogeš saβalt |
| 1PL: | saβaltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na saβalt |
| 2PL: | saβaltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da saβalt |
| 3PL: | saβaltə̑t | ogə̑t saβalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβaltə̑m | šə̑m saβalt |
| 2SG: | saβaltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ saβalt |
| 3SG: | saβalte | ə̑š saβalt |
| 1PL: | saβaltna | ə̑šna saβalt |
| 2PL: | saβaltda | ə̑šda saβalt |
| 3PL: | saβaltə̑č́ | ə̑št saβalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβaltə̑nam | saβaltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | saβaltə̑nat | saβaltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | saβaltə̑n | saβaltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | saβaltə̑nna | saβaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | saβaltə̑nda | saβaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | saβaltə̑nə̑t | saβaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβaltam ə̑l'e | om saβalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saβaltat ə̑l'e | ot saβalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saβalteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš saβalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saβaltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na saβalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saβaltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da saβalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saβaltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t saβalt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβaltam ulmaš | om saβalt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | saβaltat ulmaš | ot saβalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saβalteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš saβalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | saβaltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na saβalt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | saβaltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da saβalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saβaltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t saβalt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβaltə̑nam ə̑l'e | saβaltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saβaltə̑nat ə̑l'e | saβaltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saβaltə̑n ə̑l'e | saβaltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saβaltə̑nna ə̑l'e | saβaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saβaltə̑nda ə̑l'e | saβaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saβaltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | saβaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβaltə̑nam ulmaš | saβaltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | saβaltə̑nat ulmaš | saβaltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saβaltə̑n ulmaš | saβaltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | saβaltə̑nna ulmaš | saβaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | saβaltə̑nda ulmaš | saβaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saβaltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | saβaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | saβalt | it saβalt |
| 3SG: | saβaltše | ə̑nže saβalt |
| 1PL: | (saβaltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na saβalt) |
| 2PL: | saβaltsa | ida saβalt |
| 3PL: | saβaltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št saβalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβaltnem | ə̑nem saβalt |
| 2SG: | saβaltnet | ə̑net saβalt |
| 3SG: | saβaltneže | ə̑než saβalt |
| 1PL: | saβaltnena | ə̑nena saβalt |
| 2PL: | saβaltneda | ə̑neda saβalt |
| 3PL: | saβaltnešt | ə̑nešt saβalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | saβaltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem saβalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | saβaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net saβalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | saβaltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než saβalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | saβaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena saβalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | saβaltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda saβalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | saβaltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt saβalt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | saβaltnet ulmaš | ə̑net saβalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | saβaltneže ulmaš | ə̑než saβalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | saβaltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda saβalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | saβaltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt saβalt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | saβaltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | saβaltman |
| Active participle: | saβaltše |
| Passive participle: | saβaltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | saβaltšaš |
| Negative participle: | saβaltdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | saβaltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | saβaltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | saβaltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | saβaltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | saβaltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | saβaltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | saβaltdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||